The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Achilles Tendon ... etiology Signs/Symptoms ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... pathophysiology #msk
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
-> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
-> Cherry-red spot ... retinal edema caused ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Mental Status Exam (MSE)
Note: The MSE is a "snapshot" of a patient at a specific time.
You
Mental Status Exam (MSE ... ) Note: The MSE ... of illness, the symptoms ... caused by it, and ... #psychiatry #diagnosis
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs ... stages #staging #msk