The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Achilles Tendon ... findings • The Achilles ... in the body • Achilles ... signs #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
ligament substance leading ... ligament substance leading ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Feeling a "pop"
 • Acute
clinical findings • Feeling ... Drawer test #AnteriorCruciateLigament ... #ACL #Injury #MSK ... #Sports #pathophysiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... sensorineural hearing ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... Congenital anomalies: hearing ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
other proteins leaking ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... ischemia -> Venous beading ... retinal ischemia causes ... complications #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
• Avulsion or shearing ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #orthopedics
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
fractures in elderly Causes ... Femur #Fractures #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #differential #causes ... #pathophysiology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... post-inflammatory healing ... post-inflammatory tissue healing ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... stages #staging #msk
RICE: Mechanism of Action
Rest (weight bearing or stressful motion discontinued)
Ice (applied to injury)
Compression (wrap applied to
Rest (weight bearing ... heart) #RICE #Sports ... #pathophysiology ... #mechanism #MSK
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
forces that are wearing ... Larger, weight-bearing ... > Stiffness is short-lived ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology