The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology diagnosis immunology hypersensitivityreaction classification orthopedics signs symptoms anaphylaxis complications definitions grades hypersensitivity reactions types anticonvulsants discherniations fractures lowanklesprain management
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
degranulation, leading ... to an allergic ... Sensitization" to Allergen ... Initial exposure to allergen ... after clearance of allergen
Hypersensitivity: Summary Type I Hypersensitivity: • Immunological Mediator: lgE • Immunological Target: Allergen Molecules • Ex: Antibiotic
Immunological Target: Allergen ... fever, Urticaria, Allergic ... Immunological Target: Allergen ... Hypersensitivity #Allergy ... #Allergic #Reactions
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
mediated; exposure to allergen ... development of allergen-specific ... Allergic reaction ... Initial exposure to allergen ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy
Hypersensitivity: Definitions • Type I - Production of lgE Abs that bind to harmless allergens and
to an allergic ... to an allergic ... to an allergic ... An allergic reaction ... #Allergic #Reactions
Allergic Rhinitis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings 1. Allergy Sensitization -> Antigen Exposure -> APC (macrophages, HLA class
Allergic Rhinitis ... Allergy Sensitization ... Tissue edema #Allergic
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings Grading Ligament Sprains l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... ligament substance leading ... ligament substance leading ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports #MSK ... #orthopedics #Grading
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities => Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading => Bone strain =>
subthreshold mechanical loading ... from continued loading ... StressFractures #msk
Type III Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Small antigen-antibody complexes (produced from normal immune response to
HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met: 1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
exposure to a likely allergen ... exposure to known allergen
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
constipation • Allergic
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