The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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signs symptoms complications ophthalmology orthopedics comparison peds retinopathy stages staging 21hydroxylasedeficiency 21ohd adhesivecapsulitis alzheimersdisease bulimianervosa caudaequina cecs centralretinalartery childhood chronic
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... Immunization #peds #pediatrics ... #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings Grading Ligament Sprains l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations • Immune Complex Deposition - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology ... #peds #pediatrics
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
fractures in elderly Causes ... Femur #Fractures #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis ... #differential #causes ... #pathophysiology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases): - Increasing
Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... Alzheimer's (1% of cases ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... complications #pathophysiology
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