Ravi Singh K @rav7ks
1.2M 757 370
Academic Hospitalist and Associate Program Director @SinaiBmoreIMRes, Medicine clerkship director GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences RMC at Sinai, Hopkins Medicine Clerkship Site Director, Clinical reasoning,Simulation and POCUS enthusiast - https://twitter.com/rav7ks
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Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... - Asthma - COPD ... Guillain Barre - ALS ... Hematology: - Anemia ... #dyspnea #sob #differential
Causes of Orthopnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

 • Fear and Anxiety
 • Pleural Effusion
 • Ascites
Causes of Orthopnea ... - Differential ... • Ascites • COPD ... - CNS lesion: ALS ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
Tachypnea - Differential ... • Asthma • COPD ... Tachypnea: • Anemia ... Metabolic Causes ... Tachypnea #Hyperpnea #Differential
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
nephrocalcinosis • CPPD ... adult population: also ... • Pernicious anemia ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypotension • AMS ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
) Elevation - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intestine - Other causes ... #Elevation #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... injury #hepatitis #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... Physiologic Causes ... iron deficiency anemia ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... cases of arterial ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... • Secondary Causes ... - Hemolytic anemia ... - PNH - APLS ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential