Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Acute Esophageal Necrosis (Black Esophagus) on Endoscopy

Dr. Joaquín Berrueta Mezzera @DrJBerrueta

#Acute #Esophageal #Necrosis #Black #Esophagus #Endoscopy
Esophageal Necrosis (Black ... Esophagus) on Endoscopy ... Esophageal #Necrosis #Black ... #Esophagus #Endoscopy
Acute Esophageal Necrosis
History: Hematemesis and/or melena (70%), Dysphagia, Epigastric/chest pain, Sepsis
Diagnosis EGD and Biopsy
Differential: Melanosis, Melanoma,
Esophageal #Necrosis #black ... #esophagus #diagnosis
Management of Jackhammer Esophagus or Esophageal Spasm
Step 1: Assess the severity of the motility disturbance
Step 2:
of Jackhammer Esophagus ... #Jackhammer #Esophagus
Barrett's Esophagus (BE) Documentation 
1. 1st description as - ESEM (endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia), NOT as
Barrett's Esophagus ... BE - distal esophagus ... #Barretts #Esophagus
Prague Criteria - For Endoscopically Suspected Esophageal Columnar Metaplasia/Barrett's Esophagus
1) Ensure Hiatus Hernia Is Recognised By
Metaplasia/Barrett's Esophagus ... Criteria #Barretts #Esophagus
Chicago Classification of Esophageal Motility Disorders
Achalasia
EGJ Outflow Obstruction
Distal Esophageal Spasm
Jackhammer Esophagus
Absent Contractility
Ineffective Motility
Rapid Contraction

#Chicago #Classification #Esophageal
Spasm Jackhammer Esophagus
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) - Spectrum of Response
Non-response:
 • Histology: Persistent eosinophilia, ≥ 15 eos/hpf
 • Symptoms:
Endoscopy: Normal esophagus
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) - Diagnosis and Management
Ascites PMN > 250/mm3
? Nosocomial or hospital acquired. Recent
baseline indicates lack
Trichuris dysentery syndrome on sigmoidoscopy (whipworms)

An 8y child was referred for sigmoidoscopy from a pediatric unit.
send the patient back
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Potential pitfalls: Lack