Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Management of Jackhammer Esophagus or Esophageal Spasm
Step 1: Assess the severity of the motility disturbance
Step 2:
of Jackhammer Esophagus ... Consider further diagnostics ... #Jackhammer #Esophagus
Barrett's Esophagus (BE) Documentation 
1. 1st description as - ESEM (endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia), NOT as
Barrett's Esophagus ... (histological diagnosis ... BE - distal esophagus ... #Barretts #Esophagus ... Documentation #EGD #diagnosis
Prague Criteria - For Endoscopically Suspected Esophageal Columnar Metaplasia/Barrett's Esophagus
1) Ensure Hiatus Hernia Is Recognised By
Metaplasia/Barrett's Esophagus ... Criteria #Barretts #Esophagus ... #diagnosis #endoscopy
Acute Esophageal Necrosis
History: Hematemesis and/or melena (70%), Dysphagia, Epigastric/chest pain, Sepsis
Diagnosis EGD and Biopsy
Differential: Melanosis, Melanoma,
chest pain, Sepsis Diagnosis ... Necrosis #black #esophagus ... #diagnosis #management
Chicago Classification of Esophageal Motility Disorders
Achalasia
EGJ Outflow Obstruction
Distal Esophageal Spasm
Jackhammer Esophagus
Absent Contractility
Ineffective Motility
Rapid Contraction

#Chicago #Classification #Esophageal
Spasm Jackhammer Esophagus
Acute Esophageal Necrosis (Black Esophagus) on Endoscopy

Dr. Joaquín Berrueta Mezzera @DrJBerrueta

#Acute #Esophageal #Necrosis #Black #Esophagus #Endoscopy
Necrosis (Black Esophagus ... Necrosis #Black #Esophagus
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Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) - Spectrum of Response
Non-response:
 • Histology: Persistent eosinophilia, ≥ 15 eos/hpf
 • Symptoms:
Endoscopy: Normal esophagus ... EoE #Response #diagnosis
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
evaluation of the clinical ... /or suspicious clinical ... sought to support a diagnosis ... Areas of diagnostic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs)
 - classified into simple retention cysts, pseudocysts and cystic neoplasms 
 -
histological and clinical ... characteristics - various diagnostic ... gastroenterology #diagnosis
An Approach to Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis

- Increased Production (Prehepatic)
- Decreased Clearance (Intrahepatic + Posthepatic)

Dr. Eric
- Differential Diagnosis ... #Posthepatic #Diagnosis