Dr. Michael Chew @mchew85
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GrepMed Gastroenterology-Hepatology Editor, Academic Hospitalist UC Davis Medical Center Internal Medicine, Yale Gastroenterology Fellow '22
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Causes of Small Bowel Bleeding - Differential Diagnosis
Common Causes:
 • Under age 40 years: Inflammatory Bowel
Causes of Small ... Diagnosis Common Causes ... NSAID ulcers Rare Causes ... , Inherited syndromes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Gallstone Diseases
1. Asymptomatic Stones 75%
2. Biliary Pain 20%
3. Acute Cholecystitis 10%
4. Mirizzi's Syndrome < 0.1%
5. Cholangitis/
Mirizzi's Syndrome ... Fistula/Bouveret's Syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... (IBS) - Pathophysiology ... functional somatic syndromes ... Pregabalin #IBS ... Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome
Gastrointestinal Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia
 • Mass lesions: Carcinoma, Large polyps
 • Inflammatory: Reflux esophagitis,
Gastrointestinal Causes ... rubber bleb nevus syndrome ... Deficiency #Anemia #Causes
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
disease (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Hepatology #Cirrhosis #Causes
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Diagnosis Algorithm
Bubble echo is the first piece of the puzzle. The nail on
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Algorithm Bubble echo is ... nail on the dx is ... If <15 it is a simple ... Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome
Trichuris dysentery syndrome on sigmoidoscopy (whipworms)

An 8y child was referred for sigmoidoscopy from a pediatric unit.
Trichuris dysentery syndrome ... polyp (mentioned cause ... Trichuris #dysentery #syndrome
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... and Sjögren's syndrome
Algorithm regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Hereditary Hemochromatosis HH. 

Step 1: In the patient with
Step 2: If TS is ... <45% and SF is ... out additional causes ... evaluation for other causes ... If other causes
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
evaluation of the clinical ... /or suspicious clinical ... the remainder, a clinical ... of pathway and is ... presence of metabolic syndrome