22 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
internal organs 3 ... skin thickening Signs ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #testing #workup
Sarcoidosis
Stage 1 - Bilateral LAD without involvement of lung parenchyma
Stage 2 - Bilateral LAD with involvement
Sarcoidosis Stage ... parenchyma Stage 3 ... #Diagnosis #Stages ... #Staging #Signs ... #Symptoms #Summary
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... fatigue syndrome ... at the time of diagnosis ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Signs #Symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... and signs below ... , Aspergillus 3. ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
and workup ... tests + imaging 3) ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... (parkinsonian signs ... MNCD #Dementia #Differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms: ... bile ducts Differential ... viral infections, Sarcoidosis ... #workup #hepatology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Lung involvement 3% ... malignancies, Multiple sclerosis ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers ... #differential #
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
fifth decades. 3. ... Multiple sclerosis ... varying neurologic signs ... Vertigo #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology