13 results
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
and associated clinical ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #Urinary #Kidney ... #Stones #Crystals
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Urine Microscopy ... - Kidney Stones ... Differential #Shapes #Diagnosis ... #Clinical #Stones ... #Key #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Diagnosis of ... caused by Ca2+ crystals ... disease • Primary ... insipidus • Primary ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
exercise or with diuretic ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute Kidney ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... circulating volume, Urinary ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... , RBCs, casts, crystals ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... Normotensive - No diuretic ... of echogenic kidneys ... #nephrology