23 results
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... Antineutrophil #antibodies #diagnosis ... #rheumatology #
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Pathologic Red Blood ... Morphologies #Key #Atlas #Microscopy ... #Pathology #Hematology ... #Diagnosis #Dyspmorphic ... Robbins & Cotran Pathologic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine • 1ml blood ... urine sediment Microscopic ... → Diagnostic of ... #renal #urine #blood
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Graves' disease c-ANCA ... granulomatosis p-ANCA ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... Associations #diseases #diagnosis ... #table #rheumatology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits: ANCA
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
): • Microscopic ... tract, and often causes ... Large Vessel: Blood ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... #rheumatology #
Peripheral blood findings in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.  DIC is a clinical and laboratory diagnosis, not
Peripheral blood ... and laboratory diagnosis ... hemolytic #anemia #Hematology ... #Pathology #Smear ... #Microscopy
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
small vessels - ANCA-associated ... granulomatosis - microscopic ... Vasculitis #Vessels #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology # ... Diagnosis
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... abnormal under the microscope ... abnormal under a microscope ... abnormal under the microscope ... #diagnosis #hematology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology