13 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... pain hematuria syndrome ... → Diagnostic of ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... syndrome: troponin ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... - Differential Diagnosis ... at least 50% Renal ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology