101 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → CT urography and ... referral to Urology ... if cause not identified
Stages of Migraine
 • Prodromal or Premonitory Phase (1-2 days): Fatigue, Yawning, Food cravings, Pallor, Nausea,
Stages of Migraine ... cravings, Pallor, Nausea ... days/weeks): No symptoms ... #Migraine #Stages ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... without an obvious cause ... with significant neurologic ... usually between ages ... Central #Vertigo #Causes
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
vertebrae • CT ... length due to tight ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... salt intake • High ... RTA Type I • High ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
non-invasive - High ... Non-contrast CT ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes ... lower dose than a CT-based
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... Severe, worse at night ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #stages ... #staging #msk
Clinical features of focal cortical brain lesions in a right-handed individual

Frontal, either:  
Intellectual impairment, 
Personality
defect Temporal, right ... Confusional states ... defect Parietal, right ... #Localization #Symptoms ... Signs #Diagnosis #Neurology
Left Wrist Drop - Radial Nerve Palsy on Physical Examination

Left hand drop due to compression of
sleeping as in this case ... fall of the body weight ... paralysis or Saturday night ... #orthopedics #msk ... #sports #neurology
HINTS Exam - Abnormal Head Impulse Test = Peripheral Cause

This video demonstrates:
1) Normal Head Impulse Test
Test = Peripheral Cause ... Impulse Test to the Right ... patient with vertigo symptoms ... for a PERIPHERAL cause ... Clinical #Video #Neurology