22 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Hormonal Regulation ... #Parathyroid #Calcitonin ... #Calcitriol #PTH ... #Endocrinology ... Pathophysiology #Hormones
Effects of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin on Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

#Parathyroid #hormone #PTH #Calcitonin #phosphate
of Parathyroid hormone ... (PTH) and Calcitonin ... #Parathyroid #hormone ... #PTH #Calcitonin ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
• Increased calcitonin ... • Increased calcitonin ... MultipleEndocrineNeoplasia #Differential ... #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
Hypercalcemia - Hormones ... Pathophysiology Calcitriol ... Ca2+, ↓ PO4- Calcitonin ... Hypercalcemia #Hormones ... Pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... PTH: • Elevated Calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential ... Assess for other hormonal ... Assess for non-hormonal ... Hypercalcemia #Workup #Differential ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... - Parathyroid hormone ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Differentiation of Causes of Hyperthyroidism According to Pattern of Radionucleotide Uptake
Reduced uptake:
 • Thyroiditis
 • Exogenous
Ectopic thyroid hormone ... thyroid-stimulating hormone ... radionuclide #uptake #differential ... hyperthyroidism #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • Autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency
 • Adrenoleukodystrophy,
Insufficiency - Differential ... Combined pituitary hormone ... Insufficiency #Differential ... Workup #Algorithm #endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Microprolactinoma • Steroid Hormone ... Breast #Discharge #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology