8 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Hormonal Regulation ... concentration #Calcium #Regulation ... #Parathyroid #Calcitonin ... #Calcitriol #PTH ... Endocrinology #Pathophysiology
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands ... show negative regulation ... Endocrinology #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... an upregulation ... endpoint of all-cause
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
retinal ischemia causes ... upregulation of ... complications #pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
organic acids and bases ... reabsorption under parathyroid ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology
Pseudogout: pathogenesis and clinical findings
 - Idiopathic (vast majority of cases) -> Mechanism unknown
 - Familial
vast majority of cases ... Incr levels of parathyroid ... Signs #Symptoms #Pathophysiology
Medical Conditions Causing Mania or Mania-Like Episodes: Pathogenesis
 • Bipolar Disorder -> Combination of individual, genetic,
neurotransmitter regulation ... Manic #Secondary #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology