10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Potassium-sparing ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... cause metabolic acidosis ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Diagnosis ECF ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
- Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... Hyperparathyroidism, TKI ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, RTA Type IV, AI ... test (only if no clear ... ) • Low K diet ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
Ketosis (SK), acidosis ... both conditions, low ... provided the starting potassium ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management