35 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Low intake • Metabolic ... secreting tumor, Primary ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Urinary ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #urinary
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Syndrome is a rare ... autosomal recessive salt-losing ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... - Gitelman ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Urinary #Chloride ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Contraction Urine Cl ... Mineralocorticoid • Primary ... Barter, or Gitelman ... Syndrome Unremarkable ... alkalosis #algorithm #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
mEq/g suggests urinary ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology