20 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Workup Blood Work ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman ... #Workup #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... ascending limb Gitelman ... receptor Distal renal ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... hypokalemia • Renal ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Hypokalemia (renal ... potassium wasting ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... Hypervolemic (Excess salt ... #nephrology #sodium