18 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... or aquaporin-2 deficiency ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... and iron release Diagnosis ... #heartfailure #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
• Low Urine Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... urine #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
Multiple myeloma, CML ... Primary carnitine deficiency ... #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... Hyperammonemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis and Treatment ... The differential ... Diagnosis is primarily ... #management #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
mineralocorticoid deficiency ... Insufficiency, Cerebral Salt ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Ferritin >1000 ng/ml ... sIL-2R >2400 Ul/ml ... Cellular immune deficiency ... #management #treatment
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Always start with ... in 100 mL boluses ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
and Management ... malignancy Pathophysiology ... Differential Diagnosis ... levels to <1ng/mL ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology