49 results
Pivot-Shift Test in ACL-deficient Knee

This patient has pathologic varus alignment across the knee and a chronic
Pivot-Shift Test in ACL-deficient ... and a chronic ACL ... alignment and an ACL ... PivotShift #test #ACL ... Sports #Ortho #msk
Lachman test in ACL-deficient Knee

This patient has pathologic varus alignment across the knee and a chronic
Lachman test in ACL-deficient ... and a chronic ACL ... alignment and an ACL ... Lachmans #test #ACL ... cruciate #ligament #msk
Autoimmune Gastritis - Pathophysiology

Anti-ParietaI Cell, CD4+ T Cells, Autoantibodies -> x Parietal Cells, x HCL, x
Autoimmune Gastritis - Pathophysiology ... Parietal Cells, x HCL ... Autoimmune #Gastritis #Pathophysiology ... #b12 #deficiency
Knee Examination
Right Knee - Examination maneuvers include the Lachman (ACL), anterior drawer (ACL), Lateral pivot shift,
include the Lachman (ACL ... anterior drawer (ACL ... #Diagnosis #Sports ... #Drawer #Test #msk
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... Thalassemia • ACD ... Non-hemolytic: ACD ... , B12 deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Segond Fracture
- Avulsion fracture of the proximal tibia below the articular surface. 
- Associated with anterior
cruciate ligament (ACL ... Segond #Fracture #Diagnosis ... KneeXRay #Clinical #MSK
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... or aquaporin-2 deficiency ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... and iron release Diagnosis ... composite endpoint of all-cause ... #heartfailure #diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Heart Failure - Diagnosis ... Treatment Algorithm Diagnosis ... Ferritin <100 ng/mL ... Ferritin 100-299 ng/mL ... Guidelines: • ACC
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology