15 results
ASD on Bubble Contrast Echocardiogram (a4c)
A patient with an anterior STEMI (take a look at the
ASD on Bubble Contrast ... previously undiagnosed ASD ... septal #defect #ASD ... #Bubble #Contrast ... #clinical #cardiology
Severe Mitral Stenosis- The physical examination revealed a right parasternal heave, a loud S1, a midpeaking
Severe Mitral Stenosis ... murmur (grade 2/ ... low-pitched diastolic rumble ... MV mitral valve ... mitral valve during
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
calcification - Age-related ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... #differential #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... Mitral valve doesn ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology
Rheumatic Heart Disease - Mitral Stenosis on Echocardiogram
(1) Thickened and fibrosed MV leaflets - rheumatic etiology
(2) Lvef 25-30% ... cardiac chambers dilated ... (7) patient in atrial ... #clinical #cardiology ... #a4c #thrombus
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
* • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic ... valveEndocarditis ... • Dilated cardiomyopathy ... Non-atherosclerotic: Arterial
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... of developing atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
stenosis - Infective ... /marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology