10 results
Negative contrast effect = a washout of the contrast (agitated saline) in the right atrium in
Negative contrast ... saline) in the right ... atrial #septal # ... defect #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right ... Small secundum ASD ... #Right #Atrium ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... #differential #cardiology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber View

RCM is a disease of diastole —> severe
Though this case ... septum might look ... An ASD with atria ... echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... • Coagulase-negative ... • Left sided > Right
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Fibroelastoma), Mass (Myxoma ... • Paradoxical: Right ... - Most Common Cause ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... myxoma • Hypercoagulable ... • Left sided > Right ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Common MRI Sequences - Basic MRI Brain Interpretation

 • T1 Sequence - T1 is for anatomy.
structures will reflect ... Contrast material ... helps us to see masses ... give contrast, masses ... MRI #Sequences #Radiology
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
peripheral vs axial ... up with pain at night ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... aureus • Gram-negative
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... associated with an atrial ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c