10 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Degenerative (Tricuspid ... Marfan's Disease Mitral ... Ebstein's Anomaly • Carcinoid ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Fabry's disease, carcinoid ... disease Infective endocarditis ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... #differential #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... Substance use: R > L Tricuspid ... #management #cardiology
Right Sided Failure secondary to Carcinoid Heart Disease on Echocardiogram
Carcinoid heart disease results in characteristic right
In this case, note ... valve leaflets ... in torrential tricuspid ... #clinical #cardiology ... echocardiogram #pocus #a4c
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
LAA Thrombus), Valve ... - Most Common Cause ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... valve - Secondary ... vascular disease, carcinoid ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Regurgitation) • Tricuspid ... #cardiology
Double Orifice Mitral Valve in a young M w/ chest pain. Rare congenital anomaly of subvalvular
Valve in a young ... Valve can result ... Ao coarctation, bicuspid ... sinus venosus ASD ... MitralValve #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... → TEE • Duke Criteria ... Treat underlying cause ... substance use: R > L Tricuspid ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
The tricuspid valve ... displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c