9 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... Primary (organic) chronic ... Secondary (functional) chronic ... annulus valve: Dilated ... Regurgitation #differential
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Heart Disease Pulmonary ... • Prolapse • Dilated ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... calcification - Age-related ... changes, chronic ... disease Infective endocarditis ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... changes, chronic ... Nonischemic MR: Dilated ... results in MR from dilated ... #Functional #Differential
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... (a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... Long chronic severe ... ASD with R/L shunting
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
disorders - Chronic ... pulmonary diseases ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause
Bronchiectasis is defined as localized bronchial dilatation.
The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is usually based on a combination
axial cut of a dilated ... The most common cause ... patients with chronic ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... Bronchiectasis #Differential
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Differential #