8 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Causes of Mitral ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Infarction • Pulmonary
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... of primary mitral ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... valve - Secondary ... #Causes #Primary
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
• Malignancy: Primary ... • Valvular (Mitral ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Hyperkalemia Pulmonary ... Raised Intracranial Pressure ... Endocarditis + ... • Post cardiac/Valve
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... bruits, or blood pressure ... with GCA or as primary ... Rash, arthritis Primary ... tract, and often causes