9 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... thrombus - When large ... #diagnosis #differential
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber View

RCM is a disease of diastole —> severe
Though this case ... septum might look ... like asd in 4ch ... An ASD with atria ... #cardiology #a4c
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... • Left sided > Right
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
• Paradoxical: Right ... - Most Common Cause ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Atrium - Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... #Atrium #RA #Differential ... cardiology #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... • Left sided > Right
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... associated with an atrial ... starts (by colour Doppler ... #cardiology #a4c
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Pain - Arthritis Differential ... peripheral vs axial ... up with pain at night ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... • Bacterial endocarditis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Weight loss • Night ... discrepancies LARGE ... often causes arthritis ... Thrombosis and arterial ... chorioretinitis, CNS large