10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... , Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
red-flags to exclude dermatologic ... Ill-appearing, vital ... instability - New-onset fever ... #Diagnosis #Dermatology ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... - Mechanical: valve ... replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... sclerosis (both heart valve ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... CTD (SLE) - Viral ... mountain spotted fever ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... #nonpalpable #dermatology
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Microscopic) - Viral ... Algorithm #Causes #dermatology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... from prosthetic valves ... Infected cardiac valves ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Neutrophil (Normal) Differential ... appreciate the value ... tachycardia or fever ... #Bandemia #differential ... #pathophysiology