13 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
, Infective endocarditis ... , Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Petechial/Purpuric Rashes- THE ALGORITHMIC APPROACH 

These rashes can be especially challenging and are
associated with devastating differential
inflammation or infection ... petechiae/purpura with fever ... gonococcal disease, endocarditis ... petechiae/purpura with fever ... #Diagnosis #Dermatology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
quinine, etc) - Viral ... infiltration: malignancy, infection ... - Mechanical: valve ... replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
mountain spotted fever ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #hematology ... palpable #nonpalpable ... #dermatology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Extra-articular and Other Conditions Associated with Joint Pain

Eyes
  • Iritis or uveitis - Spondyloarthropathies, Sarcoidosis,
infection • ... Subacute bacterial endocarditis ... Cardiovascular system • Mitral ... infection, Amyloidosis ... #joint #pain #differential
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... - Trauma - Infection ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Algorithm #Causes #dermatology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential ... mechanical cardiac valve ... inclusions - If infection ... bartonella (oroya fever ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers ... #Endocarditis #Differential
Pustular Skin Lesions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What are pustules?
• Pustules < 5-10 mm + pus
• Material
Skin Lesions - Differential ... bacterial, fungal, or viral ... Pustules + Fever ... Skin #Lesions #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Dermatology