11 results
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Tubule Epithelial ... distal convoluted tubule ... receptor activity #Tubule ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
tubular acidosis ... tubular acidosis ... in the proximal tubule ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
gammopathy of renal ... syndrome • Proximal tubular ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Classification ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... tubular acidosis ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... diuretics after renal ... tubule diuretic ... tubule reabsorptive ... #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... Tubular Acidosis ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... tubular cells ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
proximal convoluted tubule ... of the kidney. ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... : - Renal failure ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic