8 results
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
) = (Urine Na+ x ... / (Serum Na+ x Urine ... - Strong Medicine ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #calculation #diagnosis
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Urea/uric acid excretion ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Central Dl (Low ... Mimics (↑ urine ... - Strong Medicine ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... in the proximal tubule ... sodium is typically ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Heat injury, Heat stroke ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
• ↓ Renal K+ Excretion ... lysis) ± Urine ... suggests ↓ renal excretion ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management