20 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Bartter Syndrome ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... #Fanconi #Bartter ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter ... syndrome and Gitelman ... syndrome, Isolated ... #nephrology #magnesium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
acid transporter Bartter ... syndrome - Na-K ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #hypokalemia #differential ... #nephrology #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential # ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... actively working • Bartter ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... - Diuresis - Bartter ... - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology