10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
• Prosthetic valve ... muscle rupture, Left ... annulus valve: ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... Mitral valve doesn ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... a4c #Echocardiogram
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
Echocardiogram (A4C ... POCUS shows dilated ... left atrium & poor ... mitral valve coaptation ... Echocardiogram #A4C
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
annular plane into left ... valve - Secondary ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Small secundum ASD ... or PFO with left ... to right shunt 2. ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #management #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
RV), tricuspid valve ... , third degree block ... tracings obtained for LEFT ... regurgitation). ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... = PFO 2. ... septum shifts left ... In addition to dilated ... clinical #pocus #a4c
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
• Prosthetic valve ... involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
branch block or ... cardioversion 2. ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Mechanical heart valve ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis