48 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... and Hyperreflexia ... Polyneuropathy, Acute ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... has hematuria and ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer ... to Nephrology if
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
and Nephritic Syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... in size (micro and ... (Many causes!) ... • Epilepsy • Psychiatric ... #diagnosis #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
early diagnosis ... Inflammatory causes ... • Acute disseminated ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Confabulation
What? Honest Lie.  
No incoming sensory information + Filling of the blanks with different information
Diseases: Korsakoff Syndrome ... Disease, Anton's Syndrome ... Cortical Blindness, Psychiatric ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... clinical findings ... rectal reflex. ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... tubal acidosis and ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #nephrology