22 results
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
and Features According ... - Cushing's syndrome ... , Loop diuretics ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... volume loss - diuretics ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
• Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... Algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... loss (diuretics ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Table ... )/ 100] x 1.6; and ... MatthewHoMD #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... tubal acidosis and ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... • Hyponatremia ... euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Pharmacokinetics of commonly used diuretics medications in CKD, Cirrhotic Ascites, and Heart Failure
 • Furosemide
 •
commonly used diuretics ... Cirrhotic Ascites, and ... Spironolactone MCW Nephrology ... #pharmacology # ... halflife #comparison #table
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... as no effect on ... sodium reabsorption ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion