13 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and multiple spinal ... and LMN signs in ... and LMN signs to ... and LMN signs on ... #neurology #diagnosis
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal ... Disproportionate motor (UMN ... positive Romberg sign ... and LMN types) ... syndromes #diagnosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
signs below the ... decreased muscle tone ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... : Areflexia UMN ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Hoffmann's Reflex on Physical Exam
The Hoffmann's reflex itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking
middle finger and ... are not useful signs ... Hoffmanns #Reflex #Sign ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology ... #UMN #video #Pyramidal
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Pineal region ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... "setting sun" sign ... Dorsal midbrain and ... Parinauds #syndrome #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN ... Signs and symptoms ... Progressive MS (Spinal ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
Breathy Speech, Tongue ... and Facial Atrophy ... Pitch • Spinal-Cerebellar ... Disorder Extra-Pyramidal ... #Dysarthria #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
roots of lumbar spine ... myelitis • Multiple sclerosis ... Neurosarcoidosis • Multiple sclerosis ... decreased rectal tone ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
extensors of the arms (pyramidal ... • Bilateral signs ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... Brucellosis - Dengue ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lesions of the spinal ... Gravis - Lack of UMN ... /LMN signs - Lack ... aminotransferases • Serology ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology