408 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Dermatology
Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections

 • Mycobacterium abscessus - Is the most pathogenic and the most likely
most likely to cause ... pulmonary infection ... It can also cause ... Reported cases associated ... Mycobacterium #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Leukocytosis and Leukopenia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Eosinophilia (AEC > 500, hypereosinophilia > 1500):
Causes of Leukocytosis ... and Leukopenia - Differential ... Leukocytosis #Leukopenia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Causes of Neutropenia ... Pancytopenia - Differential ... malignancies • Infection ... #Neutropenia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
reactions, hematoma, pulmonary ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... eg, spirochetal infections ... #unconjugated #differential
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
Incidence : 17-52 cases ... Prevalence : 38-204 cases ... multiple sclerosis Infectious ... Classification #Differential ... Ophthalmology #Rheumatology
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Effusion - Differential ... Urinothorax Exudate - Infectious ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... #causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
Pulmonary Renal ... - Differential ... : Hantavirus infection ... Kumfer @AnnKumfer #Pulmonary ... #Mimics #Differential
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... #dyspnea #sob #differential ... #pulmonary