13 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Etiologies by Mechanism ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... Pharmacology Summary Mechanisms ... Ozempic), or daily tablet ... side effects (e.g ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists 
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists
Methacholine
 • Diagnosis of bronchial airway
Carbachol
 • Glaucorna (topical
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists ... Muscarinic Receptor Agonists ... symptomatic bradycardia (e.g ... ., AV block) • ... #Pharmacology #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
Pharmacology Summary Mechanisms ... Januvia) - Once/day tablet ... GLP-I receptor agonist ... not definitively cause ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
AV block ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
treat with beta-agonist ... (2) Sick Sinus Syndrome ... 200ms from longer pause ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Medication Guide Classes ... GLP-1 receptor agonist ... 0.3-0.6 units/kg ... Diabetes #Mellitus #DM2 ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 cases ... associated with DM ... contractions (agonist ... unit activity on EMG ... of diazepam • EMG
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
ischemia or the mechanism ... by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... - Compartment syndrome ... medications - Beta agonists