18 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Etiologies by Mechanism ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists 
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists
Methacholine
 • Diagnosis of bronchial airway
Carbachol
 • Glaucorna (topical
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists ... Muscarinic Receptor Agonists ... symptomatic bradycardia (e.g ... ., AV block) • ... #Pharmacology #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists ... Pharmacology Summary Mechanisms ... Ozempic), or daily tablet ... side effects (e.g ... not definitively cause
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
treat with beta-agonist ... (2) Sick Sinus Syndrome ... 200ms from longer pause ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
AV block ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... Control rate with AV ... Treat underlying cause ... Treat underlying cause ... #Tachycardia #Treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Kidney stones caused ... V1 receptor-agonist ... shock V2 receptor-agonist ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
ischemia or the mechanism ... perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... medications - Beta agonists
Emergencies related to thyroid gland diseases are infrequently observed in the clinical practice. They are caused
and suitable treatment ... hyponatremia); treatment ... intubation and assisted mechanic ... new techniques – e.g ... DharSaty #Coma, #CriticalCare