23 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... also be seen if urine ... protein indicating acute ... crystals may indicate metabolic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... microscopic and ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... test (with 24-h urine ... CT scan, adrenal ... or MRI scan of abdomen ... #Hypertension #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... , urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... calcium Optional: urinary ... osmolarity If cause
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... causes • Laxative ... • Diarrhea A urine ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Disorders • Acute ... (ALL) • Acute ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... - Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... ) - Urinary tract ... #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Diffuse Acute Abdominal Pain (<72 hours) - Differential Diagnostic Algorithm
Look for surgical abdomen
Upper quadrant: R/O cardiac,
Diffuse Acute Abdominal ... (<72 hours) - Differential ... Look for surgical abdomen ... cardiac, pulmonary, renal ... ulcer disease • Metabolic