16 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... microscopic and ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - ... Differential Diagnosis ... test (with 24-h urine ... or MRI scan of abdomen ... #Differential #
Hypertension in Pregnancy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pre-existing Hypertension - Before Pregnancy OR <20 weeks gestational age
Pregnancy - Differential ... • Primary ... Proteinuria (>0.3g/24hr urine ... (> 0.3 g/24hr urine ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Recent hypo/hypertension ... - Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... calcium Optional: urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... White blood cell - Urinary ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Workup and Differential ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypothyroidism, Primary ... #Differential #
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Insufficiency Differential ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... abdominal pain, hypotension ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Drug-induced • High purine ... Hyperuricemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... → Primary hyperpara ... FHH — check the urine ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology