18 results
Positive Varus Stress Test in LCL Injury

Interesting knee injury in a young basketball player who landed
MRI confirmed a complete ... is part of the complex ... finding of the complete ... Positive #Clinical #Video ... #PhysicalExam #Sports
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Artery Stenosis, Abdominal ... Compartment Syndrome ... Emboli, Thrombosis, Vasculitis ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... , HIV serology, ... renal biopsy • Abdominal ... compartment syndrome
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Focal: Simple, Complex ... malformation, Aneurysm, Vasculitis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tracts Immune Complex ... - GI tract: abdominal ... • Cogan Syndrome ... Supply gut -> abdominal ... Cryoglobulins • HIV
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
Well-localized, sharp, short ... Sympathetic • Complex ... regional pain syndrome ... • Spinal injury ... Pain #Mechanisms #Neurology
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
deposit of immune complexes ... causing endothelial injury ... Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... HBV infection, HIV ... 20% Sjögren's syndrome
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
adhesion of IgA complexes ... Formation of immune complexes ... 85%) - Colicky abdominal ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... and ankles) #HSP
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
of shoulder and hip ... affects the skin, neurologic ... multiplex • GI tract: Abdominal ... pauci-immune GN Immune Complex ... gut involvement, abdominal
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
of Acute Kidney Injury ... Acute Kidney Injury ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... • Drugs • HIV ... antibodies • Immune-complex