32 results
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
) What to ask ... - TTE/liver fxn? ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver ... tubular necrosis (causes ... prolonged prerenal AKI ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... • 1ml blood/liter ... hematuria • Signs ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Rhabdomyolysis - AKI ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... #causes #stroke
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... failure PBC Signs ... or higher • Liver ... #workup #hepatology
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... middle finger. 2) Ask ... Reflex #Positive #Abnormal ... clinical #video #neurology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... remember than the normal ... Renal Losses (AKI ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs