17 results
How much sodium is in 1 Liter of Normal Saline? In Bags if Potato Chips
How much sodium ... is in 1 Liter of ... saline = 0.9% sodium ... per liter. 1 ... #saline #ns #nephrology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
/low Proteinuria ... Serum albumin - Low ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Then, ask 3 questions ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
/low blood pressure ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
in >90% - Low ... 60-80% - Low ... sle #comparison #table ... #rheumatology # ... diagnosis #management
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
Prolonged PT/PTT • Low ... DIC • Severe Liver ... + Bleeding Treatment ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... heart failure, liver ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Heart Failure, Liver ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low