23 results
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology
Low Anion Gap - Various causes and mechanisms of a Low Anion Gap
 • Hypoalbuminemia (1gm
Low Anion Gap - ... anion gap) • Normal ... anion gap acidosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... #nephrology #PTH
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
(SLE) - Diagnosis ... - CRP: Usually normal ... • Immunologic Workup ... 60-80% - Low ... life-threatening • Treatment
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... or Low PTH: ... or Low FGF-23: ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Differential Algorithm Acidosis ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... #Nephrology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... • Immunologic Workup ... 60-80% - Low ... #rheumatology #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal ... /low blood pressure ... In a normal gap ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis