19 results
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis ... /Liver failure ... or higher • Liver
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
hypertension 1 A Abnormal ... >2.3mg/dL) 1 Liver ... (cirrhosis, bilirubin ... CHADS2VASc #HASBLED #Comparison ... Anticoagulation #AFib #Diagnosis
Phimosis 
Inability to retract the foreskin - Can be normal up to 3 years old -
foreskin - Can be normal ... after age 4 Treatment ... #Paraphimosis #Comparison ... #Diagnosis #Urology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... cirrhosis, chronic ... cirrhosis, and ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Algorithm regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Hereditary Hemochromatosis HH. 

Step 1: In the patient with
regarding the diagnosis ... and treatment of ... <45% and SF is normal ... Patients with cirrhosis ... hemochromatosis #algorithm #diagnosis
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
• Caused by liver ... other causes of neurologic ... Prevalence: At cirrhosis ... Initiate empiric treatment ... #Management #treatment
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Then, ask 3 questions ... include vaptans (HF/liver ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... DIC • Severe Liver ... + Bleeding Treatment ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... CSF PROTEIN - NORMAL ... #management #treatment ... #neurology
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Stiffness is short-lived ... #Degenerative #Comparison ... #Versus #MSK #JointDisease ... #JointPain #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology