28 results
Fluids, Electrolytes, Acid-Base
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General Concepts
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< Osmolality vs osmolarity
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Osmolality
[H 20)
Milliosmoles per kg of water. The osmolality is the
vs osmolarity ... ★ Osmolality [ ... The osmolality is ... Osmolarity (mOsm ... #AcidBaseBalance
Contrast dyes are divided into three groups based on their osmolarity.  High-osmolar contrast medium (HOCM),
based on their osmolarity ... LowOsmolarity #Osmolality
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Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Check plasma osmolality ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... DECREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... INCREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY
Calculating Plasma Osmolality and Osmolal Gap

Calculated Osmolality = 2 x Na  + Glucose/18 + BUN/2.8
Calculating Plasma Osmolality ... Calculated Osmolality ... Gap = Calculated Osmolality ... - Measured Osmolality ... #Osmolal #Gap #Osmolarity
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
24 hours Urine osmolality ... /18 HIGH urine osmolality ... Azotemia LOW urine osmolality
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Nephrology #UOsm #Osmolality
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
retention 1) Serum Osmolarity ... 2) Urine Osmolarity
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
Measuring the serum osmolality ... concentration and urine osmolality ... fall in serum osmolality ... detect the plasma osmolality ... Thiazides #UNAa #osmolality
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
/L High Urine Osmolality ... glucosuria Low Urine Osmolality
A lazy man's classification of hyponatremia
There are two possible approaches to the diagnosis of hyponatremia: .
same tests (serum osmolality ... , urine osmolality