84 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Normovolemic hyponatremia ... hypovolemic hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... hypothyroidism • adrenal ... failure #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Causes
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... , diarrhea - Hyponatremia ... nervous system symptoms ... Headache, visual symptoms ... #Addisons
Diagnosis and Management of Hypernatremia

#Hypernatremia #Differential #Algorithm #Causes #Nephrology #Diagnosis

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Management of Hypernatremia ... #Hypernatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Causes #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... 2) Presence of symptoms ... cardiac, liver, renal ... EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... SatyaPatelMD #Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology