36 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Ketoacidosis, Renal ... loss of bicarb, Renal ... GI loss of H+, Renal ... #workup #Differential ... #Diagnosis #acidosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome: Investigations and Management

#Pulmonary #Renal #Syndrome #Diagnosis #Workup #Management
Pulmonary Renal ... and Management ... #Pulmonary #Renal ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Management
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... fT4 • Cushing syndrome ... #workup #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... tubular acidosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... , Congenital adrenal
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... with short bowel syndrome ... ketoacidosis Renal ... underexcretion of acids ... in advanced renal
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... suggests extra-renal ... , Congenital adrenal ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urinary sediment, renal ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Shift: • Lactic acidosis ... CKD Increased Renal
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... /Chronic renal failure