27 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Age-related changes, chronic ... endocarditis (vegetations ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... Failure (ACLF) Clinical ... underlying liver disease ... Cirrhosis #Hepatology #gastroenterology ... #management #diagnosis
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Rheumatic heart disease ... Vegetations seen ... Age-related changes, chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
patients with chronic ... (< 5% pts with afibb ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Graves Disease - Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism
Epidemiology: Most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Incidence peaks at 30-50
Diagnosis: 
1 )
Graves Disease - ... Epidemiology: Most common cause ... Clinical Presentation ... younger>older), A Fib ... #management #endocrinology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Septic Emboli Cause ... formation • Other vegetations ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #management #cardiology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
to 8 years Clinical ... Autoimmunity • Chronic ... DDX - Other causes ... Malignancies • Chronic ... #management
Oroya Fever
Hematologic disease caused by Bartonella bacilliformis
Restricted to the Andes highlands of Peru & Ecuador
B. bacilliformis:
Fever Hematologic disease ... caused by Bartonella ... Lutzomyia verrucarum Clinical ... Nodular → Mular DIAGNOSIS ... #management #Bartonella
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
and Management ... • Most common cause ... pneumonia • Chronic ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... #differential #causes
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... - Detection of AFB ... CMC_IM #Potts #Disease