22 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Age-related changes, chronic ... leaflets/chordae) - SLE ... endocarditis (vegetations ... #diagnosis #differential
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... nodules, may also see ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Cerebrovascular Disease ... autoantibodies that will cause ... #CNS #neurology ... #management #treatment
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
) - Diagnosis and ... Management Summary ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... : Chronic disease ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
basal ganglia, CNS ... Oral aphthae : SLE ... • Arthritis: SLE ... Recurrent and chronic ... #management #signs
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Differential Diagnosis ... and CNS • Headache ... Cardiac valve vegetations ... with Lupus: • Chronic ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
, Busulfan • Disease ... FSGS • Other: Chronic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #blood #urine #management ... #treatment #nephrology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
Discontinuation of causal ... Usual therapeutic management ... : Chronic disease ... #rheumatology #diagnosis ... #management
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Autoimmune (SLE ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #management #cardiology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... acidosis: - CNS ... restrictive lung disease ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology